杜威价值哲学视角下的价值教育新探索

New Exploration of Value Education under the Perspective of John Dewey's Axiology

杜威对传统哲学进行改造,建立了经验自然主义。"经验"是这一理论的最高概念。杜威认为,经验是生活中的一切,是人与环境的相互作用,为人的行动提供指导。在其哲学理论的统摄下,杜威建立了自己的价值哲学体系,推翻了逻辑实证主义反对价值的理论,颠覆了传统经验主义纯粹主观的价值理论,创建一种以价值判断为核心的价值哲学。该价值哲学调和了价值与事实、手段与目的的对立。杜威的哲学观体现在其教育思想中,他的价值哲学也为我们思考价值教育的何去何从提供了新思路。杜威价值哲学视角下的价值教育提升儿童价值判断,使儿童在价值判断时注意自身经验及生活情境分析,注重行动与效果的分析,这种价值论观点为价值教育提供了实践方法。

Dewey reconstructed traditional philosophy, setting up his own empirical naturalism. ＂Experience＂ is the uppermost concept of the theory. In his opinion, experience is everything in life. It is the interaction between people and environment, guiding people＇s behaviors. The theory governs his axiology with value judgment as the core, which is different from the logical positivists~ opposing of values and the traditional experientialists~ subjective value theory. The axiology resolves the contradictions between value and facts, means and purpose. Dewey＇s philosophy embodied in his educational thoughts and provided new clues for us to think about where value education to go. Value education under the perspective of Dewey＇s axiology promotes children＇s value judgment, and makes children pay attention to the examination of their own experiences and life situations, and the action and its effect. His value theory provids approach for the practice of value education.