国外幼儿园装备规范的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Design Standards and Guidelines abroad for Early Childhood Facilities

幼儿园装备标准是各国规范幼儿园装备行为和提高保教质量的重要手段。对美国、加拿大、英国、澳大利亚和新加坡五国幼儿园装备标准的比较研究发现:幼儿园装备标准主要包括幼儿园建筑和各种用房的设计与装修,设施设备、家具、户外游戏场地与活动器械以及玩教具的配备与质量要求,目的在于为幼儿营造安全、健康、舒适、发展适宜的环境;以人为本、安全性、发展适宜性、舒适性、全纳性、文化多样性、美观性和耐用性是各国制定幼儿园装备标准的基本理念和原则;同时,各国非常重视装备的定期检查与维护,以期为幼儿提供安全的物质环境。玩教具的配备或者按照幼儿发展领域或者按照活动区来配备,以期为幼儿创造能够满足幼儿游戏活动需要的、激发幼儿主动学习的、发展适宜性的学习环境。

Using the USA., Canada, UK, Australia and Singapore as example, the similarities and differences of their Design Standards and Guidelines for Early Childhood facilities are analyzed. They usually include the design and decoration of a child care center, facilities and equipment, furnishings, playground solicitation, play materials and teaching aids. The purpose is to create a safe, healthy, comfortable and developmentally appropriate environment for young children. Their basic philosophies and principles are humanism, security, development considerations, comfort, inclusivity, cultural diversity, beauty and function.They are also accompanied by regular inspection and maintenance of facilities and equipment.Toys play materials and teaching aids are either planned according to aid learning milestones or to align with activity areas.