北宋科举中的“寄应”现象

“Jiying”in Imperial Examination in the Northern Song Dynasty

科举考试是中古时期中国皇朝所创设出来的一种人才选拔机制。在统治者的鼓励和读书人的热衷两相应和下,科举制也就兴盛起来了。在科举竞争中,势必会有一些因竞争激烈、政策漏洞而产生的舞弊行为,"寄应"即是其中一种。"寄应"是科举制与户籍制结合的产物,在他乡寄籍应举对科举的公平性产生了巨大影响,因此也受到历代政府的重视。在前人探究基础上进一步对北宋"寄应"现象进行探讨和总结。

The imperial examination served as a talent selection mechanism , which was created in different Chinese dynasties in the mediaeval times .Driven by the encouragement of rulers and the passion of scholars , the imperial examination system gained its popularity .Due to the fierce competition and the policy loopholes in the im-perial examination , some fraudulent practices inevitably appeared , one of which was “jiying”.Resulting from the combination of imperial examination system and household registration system , attending the imperial examination by registering household in other places exerted a great influence on the fairness of the examination , thus receiving great attention from governments of various dynasties .This paper plans to further discuss “Jiying” in the early Northern Song Dynasty based on previous researches and reach its own conclusion .