论哈耶克自由思想的理论基础

Study on the Theoretical Basis of the Liberalism of Hayek

作为古典自由主义集大成者的哈耶克,突破了以往仅在道德层面讨论自由的传统,把自由概念由哲学概念转变为社会科学的概念,这主要是因为其自由概念具有广泛的理论基础。哈耶克在继承古典自由主义主张个人主义的传统下,同时指出了个人理性的有限性,指出文明的进步绝非理性预先设计的结果,而是有赖于社会演化过程中自生自发的社会秩序。作为哈耶克自由概念的三大理论基础,研究个人主义、反唯理性和自生自发的秩序是深入认识其自由思想的前提条件,具有重要意义。

As a master of the classical liberalism, Hayek breaks through the tradition of discussing the concept of liberty only at the moral level, and turns liberty of philosophical concept into the concept of social science, the reason of which lies in his liberty with a wide range of theoretical basis. Hayek inherits the tradition of classical liberalism which advocates individualism, also points out that the individual rationality limited, which means the progress of civilization is definitely not rational results of pre-designed, but depends on the spontaneous social order during the social evolution. As the three theoretical basis of Hayek＆#39;s liberty, individualism, anti-rationalism and spontaneous order need to be deeply studied for the prerequisite for understanding the thought of freedom, which is of great significance.