作为无支配的权力：一种观念的分析

Power as Non-domination:Analysis on the Concept

在当代权力理论研究中,相当多的研究者基本上都不证自明地将权力等同于支配,运用支配—服从的范式描述和阐释所有的权力现象。然而,作为支配的权力的范式并不能包涵和阐释所有的权力现象,作为无支配的权力也是社会生活中现实存在的权力形式。从类型学的角度分析,作为无支配的权力既可能表现为主体间无支配的权力,也可能表现为行为上无支配的权力,还可能表现为结构性无支配的权力。作为无支配的权力既不能等同于无支配的自由或无支配,也不能等同于多元主义的权力,还不能被认为是不受任何强制的状态。作为无支配的权力是社会行动者在既定的、继承下来的历史与社会境况中逐步构建出来的,它的形成受制于既定的历史与社会发展境况。

Surveying the research on modern power theories,power is often equal to domination,and many researchers usually interpret power with the paradigm of 'domination-obedience'. However,Power as domination doesn't cover all forms of power,and power as non-domination is also an important form of power in social life. From the perspective of typology,power as non-domination can manifest inter-subjective nondomination,non-domination in the behavior and non-domination in the structure. Power as non-domination is not as same as freedom as non-domination or non-domination,and it could not be equal to pluralistic power. At the same time,it can't be seen as the situation without any coercion. Power as non-domination is structured by social actors within the inherited history and established social backgrounds gradually,and it is subjected to the established history and social situations.