马克思生产关系概念的本质规定和历史嬗变——与唐正东先生商榷

The Essential Definitions and Historical Evolution of K. Marx's Concept of Production Relations

不断加强并深化对生产关系概念的研究和认识，是提升马克思主义理论水平的一项基础性工作。唐正东先生在《哲学研究》2011年第6期上发表的《马克思生产关系概念的内涵演变及其哲学意义》（以下简称唐文）一文，堪称这方面最新、也最具颠覆性的研究成果。但是，对唐文的一个总的判断——马克思在1857年前后才完成了对生产关系概念的科学认识，此前无论是《德意志意识形态》还是《哲学的贫困》，“马克思尽管有时候用的是生产关系概念，但他头脑中想的却只是交换关系和分配关系的内涵”。——笔者不敢苟同，故作此文就教于唐正东先生，并希望以此推进历史唯物主义基本概念的研究。

This paper holds that,K.Marx's concept of production relations was referring to ' power(Macht)relations' among persons which occurred in the process of material production,it didn't include such ' technological relations' or ' work relations' as division of work and coordination of effort.Production relations were loaded by and embodied in the ownership-relations of the means of production and the distribution-relations of work products,and become a sort of 'right(Recht) relations' with the aid of state and law.In The German Ideology,as a core concept of historical materialism,the production relations had been taken shape by and large in thought substances;in The Poverty of Philosophy,it was clarified,unified and perfected,and was sublimated to the principle of methodology used to grasp economic category;in On Capital and its manuscripts,it was concretely and historically unfolded and applied.