中国特色自主创新道路的思考:创新资源的配置、创新模式和创新定位的选择

THE ROAD OF INDEPENDENT INNOVATION WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS:INNOVATION RESOURCES,INNOVATIVE MODEL AND INNOVATION POSITIONING

本文从创新资源、创新模式、创新主体、创新方向等方面进行分析,提出了可以有效理解、引导、评估中国特色自主创新道路的一般性分析框架。研究结果表明,选择创新资源配置的重点,必须遵从"两力原则",即"有能力、有潜力";创新模式的确定主要根据技术梯度和技术地位特征进行分解;大学—产业—政府三螺旋相互作用成为创新系统运行的核心。本文还从比较优势、定位原则等方面对技术推动还是需求拉动、产品创新还是工艺创新、大企业创新还是小企业创新、颠覆性创新还是渐进性创新、传统产业创新还是新兴产业创新、劳动节约型技术进步还是资本节约型技术进步等六个问题进行了回答。

This paper provided a general analytical framework to assess road of independent innovationwith Chinese characteristics from innovation resource, innovative models, the main innovation and inno-vation orientation. The results showed that the allocation of innovation resources should follow the princi-ples of ability and potential. Identifying innovative model should base primarily on the status of technologyand technical characteristics of the gradient decomposition. University-industry-government triple helix in-teractions became the core of the innovation system. From the aspects of comparative advantage and posi-tioning principles, this paper answered six issues of technology push or demand-pull, product innovationor process innovation, big companies innovation or small business innovation, disruptive innovation or in-cremental innovation, traditional industries innovation or emerging industries innovation, labor-savingtechnological progress or capital-saving technological progress.