“他的老师当得好”的生成路径探析

An investigation into the syntactic mechanism of generating sentences like “Ta de laoshi dang-de hao”

"他的老师当得好"是现代汉语中一种含有非典型领属关系的结构,近年来成为语法学界热议的句式之一。围绕该句式的生成机制,学者们从生成语法、认知语法等不同视角展开了较为深入的探讨,但截止目前仍未获得统一解释。本文在梳理前人研究的基础上提出一些疑问,尤其对黄正德(2008)的词义分解和动词核心移位分析展开详细讨论,并尝试采用Larson(1988)的"VP壳分析法"重新探讨了"他的老师当得好"及其同义句式的生成路径。此种分析思路不仅明确了该句式的基础生成式,也清楚证实了它与同义句式之间的同源关系,并再次强调了句法中重新分析的必要性,在一定程度上实现了统一解释其生成机制的目的。

Sentences like 'Ta de laoshi dang-de hao'(他的老师当得好) may be considered as containing a non-typical possessive construction in Modern Chinese. The mechanism of generating such sentences becomes a hot topic in recent years. This paper reexamines the existing analyses with a focus on Huang's(2008) lexical decomposition analysis. It argues that an analysis on the basis of Larson's(1988) 'VPshell Analysis' may provide a more adequate account of the syntactic mechanism concerning the nontypical possessive construction in question. It is shown that the VP-shell analysis not only helps account for the correct derivation of the non-typical possessive construction, but also confirms that this construction shares the same base structure with other related constructions, thus achieving a unified account of them. The discussion also testifies the necessity of reanalysis in syntax.