日本对东南亚的经济外交:历史与现实

Japan's Economic Diplomacy towards Southeast Asia:History and Status quo

第二次世界大战后,日本对东南亚的经济外交大致可以分为五个阶段:20世纪50-60年代的"对美依存外交"、70年代的"桥梁外交"、80年代的"积极自主外交"、90年代的"重视东南亚外交"和进入21世纪后的"小泉福田主义"和"新福田主义"外交。日本战后的经济外交虽然取得了一定的成效,但也遭受了一些挫折。20世纪70年代末,越南入侵柬埔寨导致日本"桥梁外交"的失败;80年代,日本对东南亚国家实施的"积极自主外交"受到美国的干预而没有实现目标;90年代的"重视东南亚外交"因与"对美依存外交"发生结构性矛盾,而无法有效推进等。进入21世纪后,日本对东南亚外交将出现两种趋势:"小泉福田主义"和"新福田主义",但两者都摆脱不了战后日本外交面临的一个结构性矛盾,即对美依存与独立自主的亚洲外交之间的矛盾。

Japan' s economic diplomacy towards Southeast Asia after the Second World War can be roughly divided into five stages.In spite of the achievements made thus far,Japan' s postwar economic diplomacy has suffered some setbacks,including,for example,the failure of the 'Bridge Diplomacy' signified by the Vietnamese invasion to Cambodia in the late1970 s,the unsuccessful 'Active Diplomacy' resulted from the US' intervention and the defeated attempt on the 'Asia-centered Diplomacy' in the 1990 s.In the 21 st Century,Japan ' s economic diplomacy towards Southeast Asia is facing a difficult choice between the 'Koizumi Fukuda Doctrine' with value-oriented traits and 'New Fukuda Doctrine' proposed by Yasuo Fukuda,neither of which can get rid of the structural dilemma between a foreign policy depending on the US or an independent Asian diplomacy which has been persisting since the end of the Second World War.