意向性视域下的语用移情

Pragmatic Empathy Approached from the Perspective of Intentionality

心智哲学为语言研究提供了新的视角,语用移情是言语交际中的一种常见现象。意向性是心智哲学研究的重要课题之一,也是语用移情的主要制约因素,它包括意向内容和意向态度。从意向性角度分析,说话人实现语用移情的心理基础是趋同和求异两种心理倾向,说话人既可以通过人称指示语和空间指示语的选择和使用来实现语用移情,也可以通过句式的变化来实现不同的语用移情,但语用移情必须受制于说话人的意识的意向性。

The Philosophy of Mind provides new perspectives for the study of language.Pragmatic em-pathy is a common phenomenon in verbal communication.Intentionality,one of the important topics studied by the Philosophy of Mind as well as the main factor that restricts pragmatic empathy,includes the intentional content and the intentional attitude.From the perspective of intentionality,the mental bases of the speaker’s successful realization of pragmatic empathy in verbal communication are the following two mental dispositions：convergence and divergence.The speaker can achieve pragmatic empathy by means of choosing and using person deixis and spatial deixis.At the same time,changes of sentence patterns can lead to different pragmatic empathies,but pragmatic empathy must be en-slaved to the speaker’s intentionality of consciousness.