早期客话文献《客话读本》中的双标式差比句及其相关问题

On Double-marker Comparative Construction in Hakka-Lesebuch

早期客话文献《客话读本》主要的差比句类型是双标式差比句"X+比+Y+过+A",两个比较标记"比""过"必须同时出现。双标式差比句广泛存在于不同地区的客话,是客家方言的固有句式,并非"A过式"向"比A式"发展的过渡句式,某些客方言存在"A过式"差比句是受粤语影响的后起句式。"比A式"的表达范围广于双标式,在普通话的影响下,客话地区的双标式差比句有被"比A式"取代的倾向。

ReadingThe main comparative construction indicating comparison of superiority in HakkaTextbooks 《客话读本》 is X＋bi比＋Y＋guo 过＋A, in which both bi 比 and guo 过 areobligatory. Such construction functions in different Hakka dialects and it is indigenous ratherthan a transition construction from A＋guo 过to bi比＋A. The A＋guo 过construction in someHakka dialects is subsequent with the influence of Yue dialect. The bi 比 ＋ A constructionfunctions more widely than X ＋ bi比 ＋ Y ＋guo 过＋ A. With the influence of Putonghua, thedouble-marker is inclined to be replaced by bi比＋A construction in Hakka dialects.