把握世界四种基本方式的自觉整合与人的全面发展

The Conscious Integration and the Whole Human Development of Grasping Four Basic Ways of the World

人类社会发展进步的动力来源于理论创新与现实创造的相互影响和相互促进,而人们又总是通过常识、科学、宗教、哲学等把握世界的基本方式参与并改变上述历史进程,因而考察这些方式作用机制之异同,进而沉淀出能够引领社会良性前行的方式自觉,无疑是一项重要课题。常识以"共同经验"作为"中介",容易导致非此即彼的形而上学思维方式;宗教以"启示"的方式预设一个超验的神的存在来理解和把握世界,也仅仅停留在"鸦片"的功用层面来化解和消弭现实中的各种矛盾;科学提供了生产力发展和人类感官幸福的前提,也彰显了人类理性,但其研究对象局限于经验—现象世界及其中的必然规律,并不能直接解决信仰、道德等人类价值世界中的问题;哲学通过理性考量来化解宗教、常识遭遇到的困境以及科学不能达及的领域,试图为人类的道德领域寻找根据,为人类社会历史的健康发展和人的全面发展指明方向。

The driving force for the progress of human society comes from the mutual influence and mutual pro-motion of theoretical and practical innovation. And people grasp the world usually by common sense, science,religion and philosophy. Common sense leads easily to either this or that of metaphysical way of thinking. Re-ligion grasps the world by presetting a transcendent God. Science provides the progress of productive forcesand the happiness of human feeling organs, but it can not solve the belief, morality and so on. Philosophytries its best to smooth away the dilemma encountered by religion and common sense, which can provide thedirection for the sound development of human history and the whole human development.