朔州矿区岩溶发育规律及陷落柱形成机制研究

Law of Karst Development and Mechanism of CollapseColumns in Shuozhou Mining Area

神头泉域地层构造受华北地质沉积构造背景控制。根据区域构造运动背景及勘探资料分析,提出对神头泉域含水层岩溶发育规律和富水性的认识：神头泉域奥陶系灰岩岩溶较发育、富水性较强,且其发育很不均匀,山前补给区以垂向岩溶裂隙为主,煤系地层下及排泄区灰岩以顺层岩溶裂隙或岩溶洞穴为主。根据区内钻孔资料统计,神头泉域内奥陶系灰岩顶界有厚度11～24 m的不透水段（奥灰顶部隔水段）,对防治底板奥灰突水有利,但在断裂构造带、陷落柱发育处可能缺失。朔州矿区陷落柱很发育,目前的4个矿共揭露26个,绝大多数陷落柱有充填密实、不导水等特点;但也有个别陷落柱富水、导水,分析认为这与构造断裂有关。

Strata and tectonics of Shentou Spring Basin is influenced by the whole geologic sedimentation and tectonic setting of Northern China. Based on regional tectonic background and prospecting data, the study proposed karst development law and rich water of ordovician limestone aquifer in the Shentou Spring Basin：Karst is well developed, water-rich, and unevenly developed. In addition, mountain-front recharging area is mainly made up of vertical karst fissures, and limestone is mainly made up of parallel karst fissures or karst caves under coal seams or in discharge areas. According to borehole data in the area, there are 11 to 24-meter-thick impermeable sections（isolation sections） of the ordovician limestone roof, which is beneficial to control water inrush of the ordovician limestone floor; but the impermeable sections might not exist in fault edstructural belts and collapse columns developing areas. The collapse columns in Shuozhou mining area is extremely developed. At present, 26 collapse columns has been exposed in four mines. Among them, most columns are characteristic of dense-filling and no-water-conducting. But some individual collapse columns are water-rich and water-conducting, which is thought to be related to the fracture structure.