湖北省农村地区2岁以下婴幼儿喂养状况

Evaluation of the feeding status of infants and young children under 2 years old in rural areas of Hubei province

目的 研究湖北省农村地区2岁以下婴幼儿喂养状况.方法 2009年9月至2010年3月,采用整群随机抽样的方法对湖北省8个县0～23月龄婴幼儿进行问卷调查,共收集1 197名婴幼儿母乳喂养及辅食添加相关信息.参照WH0 2008年版《婴幼儿喂养评估指标》分析评价喂养状况.结果 共调查0 ～ 23月龄婴幼儿1 197名,有93.9％（1 124/1 197）进行过母乳喂养,早开奶率为22.0％ （263/1 197）.6个月内纯母乳喂养率为72.1％（277/384）,1岁持续母乳喂养率为17.0％（26/153）,2岁持续母乳喂养率为4.9％ （7/144）.辅食添加时间中位数为6月龄,断奶时间中位数为9月龄.61.8％（444/718）的婴幼儿在6～8月龄开始添加辅食.6～23月龄婴幼儿的最少膳食种类合格率为61.7％（502/813）,最低膳食频率合格率为81.5％（663/813）,最低可接受膳食合格率为54.4％（442/813）,富铁或铁强化食品添加率为50.1％（407/813）.结论 开奶不及时、母乳喂养持续时间短、辅食添加时间偏早或偏晚、辅食添加种类和次数不足以及富铁或铁强化食品添加少是湖北农村地区婴幼儿喂养存在的主要问题.

Objective To evaluate the current feeding status of infants and young children under 2 years old in rural areas of Hubei province.Methods The study was conducted by cluster random sampling from September 2009 to march 2010.The data on breastfeeding and complementary food supplement of the 1 197 infants and young children aged 0-23 months in 8 counties of Hubei province were collected through questionnaires.The feeding status was analyzed according to the WHO 2008 edition of Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices.Results A total of 1 197 children aged 0-23 months were investigated.The rate of ever breastfeeding of children aged 0-23 months reached up to 93.9% （1 124/1 197）,while the percentage of early initiation of breastfeeding was only 22.0% （263/1 197）.The rates of exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months,continued breastfeeding for 1 year,and continued breastfeeding for 2 years were 72.1% （277/384）,17.0% （26/153） and 4.9% （7/144）,respectively.The median time of giving complementary food was the 6th month and the weaning time was the 9th month.The rate of complementary food supplemented from 6th-8th month in time was 61.8% （444/718）.The rates of minimum dietary diversity,minimum meal frequency,minimum acceptable diet,and consumption of ironrich or iron-fortified foods among children aged 6-23 months were 61.7 % （502/813）,81.5 % （663/813）,54.4% （442/813） and 50.1% （407/813）,respectively.Conclusion Late initiation of breastfeeding,noncontinued breastfeeding,giving complementary food too early or too late,inadequate category and frequency of complementary food,and the low rate of consumption of iron-rich or iron-fortified foods were the main issues to be concerned on infant feeding in rural areas of Hubei province.