论石楼方言中介引与事的特殊介词“予”“问”

Chinese Prepositions “予” and “问” in Shilou Dialect

普通话中不常使用的介词"予"、"问",在石楼方言中有着特殊的意义及用法。"予"、"问"皆从动词虚化而来,并兼属动词。"予"与普通话的"给"类似,但二者并不等同,"给"的用法更为宽泛。"问"介引与事时,对其后的谓语动词有严格的语义制约。方言介词研究是方言语法研究的一大热点。研究方言中的介词,不仅可以揭示其自身的特点,还可以为其他方言、普通话、古代汉语等的研究提供材料和依据。

The research of dialect prepositions is a hot topic about dialect grammar. Based on a description of dialect prepositions ,this paper finds that the special Chinese prepositions ＂予＂ and ＂问＂ have distinct features. The two words are grammaticalized from verbs and used as verbs at the same time. ＂予＂ means ＂ give＂ and ＂给＂ in mandarin but it is different from ＂给＂, the usage of which is broader. The predicate verb behind ＂问＂ is tightly restricted when ＂问＇＇ introduces the participant of the action. These findings are of typological significance and deserve further studies of other dialects, mandarin, ancient Chinese.