间充质干细胞的免疫调节功能及抗炎作用在肾脏疾病中的应用进展

Research advances on immunoregulation and anti-inflammation function of mesenchymal stem cells and their application in treatment of renal diseases

间充质干细胞（MSC）为干细胞家族重要成员之一,存在于体内多处组织,具有多向分化潜能.MSC有先天性低免疫原性优势,可通过直接接触、分泌可溶性因子作用于体内免疫细胞而发挥免疫调节功能;还可趋向定位于炎症部位发挥抗炎作用.因此,MSC在免疫、炎症相关疾病中有着巨大应用前景.应用MSC治疗急性肾损伤、免疫性肾病、糖尿病肾病和终末期肾病等肾脏疾病已有大量研究.本文着重综述MSC在体内的免疫调节机制及其在肾脏疾病中的应用现状及前景.

Mesenchymal stem cell （MSC） can differentiate into multiple lines in various tissues.MSC has the advantage of congenital hypoimmunogenicity and can interact with both innate and adaptive immunocytes,exerting immunoregulatory function via direct cell-cell contact and secreting soluble factors.It also can migrate to tissue injury sites to dampen inflammatory reactions.MSC can be potentially applied to treat immunological and inflammatory diseases,such as acute renal injury,immune kidney diseases,diabetic nephropathy and end-stage renal diseases.This review summarizes the biological characteristics of MSC and the prospects of its application in treatment of renal diseases.