陶诗言先生在中国暴雨发生条件和机制研究中的贡献

Contributions of Prof. Shiyan Tao to the Study of Formation Conditions and Mechanisms of Heavy Rainfall in China

作者在1998年庆贺陶诗言先生八十华诞的文集中曾专题阐述和评价了陶先生对中国暴雨研究的贡献。至今十五年过去了,陶诗言先生虽已于2012年仙逝,但其深邃的科学思想依然闪烁着智慧的火花。他在中国暴雨研究中留下的宝贵遗产不但深刻影响过去和现代两代人的暴雨研究和业务发展,而且也将继续影响将来的中国暴雨研究。本文是对陶诗言先生在中国暴雨的研究中所作的贡献并结合现代研究的成果作进一步介绍和评价。主要集中在暴雨发生的动力和热力条件与机理方面。全文内容包括六个方面:(1)季节突变对中国梅雨爆发的影响;(2)暴雨发生的多尺度相互作用;(3)暖湿季风输送带对北方大暴雨的影响;(4)高空急流对暴雨的作用;(5)暴雨和强对流发生的物理条件;(6)

The author of the present paper made a special assessment on the contribution of Prof. Tao Shiyan to the study of heavy rainfall in China in 1998. Titled ＂East Asian Monsoon and Torrential Rain in China＂, the assessment was published in the volume of the Collected Papers to coincide with Prof. Tao＇s 80th birthday. Although he passed away in 2012, Prof. Tao＇s scientific wisdom and concepts continue to enlighten his successors. His valuable heritage in the study of heavy rainfall in China has exerted a profound influence on research and operational development for past and present generations and will continue to influence future research on this topic. The present paper further evaluates Prof. Tao＇s contributions to the study of heavy rainfall in China in the context of recent research achievements in this area, with a particular focus on dynamic and thermal conditions as well as related mechanisms. The paper is structured with the following six sections： （1） seasonal abrupt change and its effect on the onset of the Meiyu season in China, （2） multiple-scale interaction in the occurrence of heavy rainfall, （3） the impact of the warm and moist monsoon conveyor on excessively heavy rainfall in northern China, （4） the role of the upper-level jet in heavy rainfall, （5） physical conditions for the occurrence of heavy rainfall and severe convective storms, and （6） the effect of topography on heavy rainfall.