口腔正畸治疗感染患者病原菌分布及耐药性分析

The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria for infection patients of orthodontic treatment

目的研究口腔正畸治疗感染患者病原菌的分布及其耐药性,控制口腔正畸治疗感染的发生。方法选取2011年1月-2013年6月医院口腔正畸治疗765例,对其发生感染患者分离培养出的病原菌,采用K-B琼脂法进行药敏试验。结果经口腔正畸治疗后发生感染的患者共85例,感染率为11.11%;分离出病原菌91株,感染部位呼吸道25株占27.47%,泌尿道19株占20.88%,胃肠道14株占15.38%,皮肤11株占12.09%,血液7株占7.69%,其他15株占16.48%;分离出革兰阳性菌38株占41.76%,革兰阴性菌53株占58.24%;革兰阳性菌对乙酰唑胺和利奈唑胺无耐药,革兰阴性菌对美罗培南和亚胺培南无耐药。结论口腔正畸治疗感染的发生率高,且多为耐药菌感染,临床应采取相应措施控制口腔正畸治疗感染的发生,对分离培养病原菌并进行药敏试验,选择耐药率低的抗菌药进行及时的治疗。

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria for infection patients of orthodontic treatment,so as to control the occurrence of infections.METHODS A total of 765 cases of patients with orthodontic treatment from Jan.2011 to Jun.2013 were chosen,and pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured,with the drug sensitivity tests were conducted by K-B test.RESULTS A total of 85 cases with infections after orthodontic treatment and the occurrence rate was 11.11%.A total of 91 strains of bacteria were isolated,including 25 strains of the respiratory tract accounting for 27.47%,19 strains of urinary tract accounting for 20.88%,14 strains of the gastrointestinal tract accounting for 15.38%,11 strains of skin accounting for 12.09%,7strains from blood accounting for 7.69%,15 strains of other accounting for 16.48%.There were 38 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounted for 41.76%.53 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounted for 58.24%.gram-positive bacteria had no resistance on acetazolamide and linezolid.gram-negative bacteria had no resistance on meropenem and imipenem.CONCLUSION The infection occurrence rate for orthodontic treatment patients is high,especially more by drug-resistance bacteria.Therefore measures should be taken to control infections.Pathogenic bacteria should be isolated and tested.The antibacterial with low resistance should be used for treating infections once infections occurred.