车道变换过程中驾驶人操作和注视行为

Operation and gazing behavior of driver during lane change

针对实际道路自然换道过程中驾驶人的操作与注视行为,搭建了自然换道行为测试车。利用眼动仪和车辆运动状态传感器,在城市道路环境中对20名驾驶人进行了实际道路自然驾驶试验,获取了换道过程中驾驶人操作与车辆运动状态数据;并对熟练驾驶人和非熟练驾驶人的换道数据进行了分析。研究结果表明:换道时驾驶人普遍不按照操作规范提前开启转向灯,且非熟练驾驶人比熟练驾驶人的开启时间要早;换道过程中车速呈现减速-加速-稳速的趋势,但熟练驾驶人的速度曲线更加平滑;换道开始阶段,熟练驾驶人和非熟练驾驶人对目标车道的注视所占百分比分别为70%和85%,而在调整阶段非熟练驾驶人比熟练驾驶人要高出20%;换道过程中,熟练驾驶人的注视行为更加灵活,同时处理较多任务的能力要优于非熟练驾驶人。

Aimed at the driving operation and gazing behavior during lane change process, natural lane change test vehicle was constructed. Eye movement tracking device and vehicle running state sensors were used to carry out real road driving test on 20 drivers in city road condition. Driving operation and vehicle running data were obtained. Lane change data of skilled drivers and non-skilled drivers were ana- lyzed. The results show that almost all of the drivers don＇t follow the operating rules to open turning light, and the turning light opening time of non-skilled drivers was earlier than that of skilled drivers. Vehicle speed at lane change presents speed down-speed up-keeping stable, but the speed curve of skilled driver was smoother than that of non-skilled drivers. At the beginning stage of lane change, the gazing percents of skilled drivers and non-skilled drivers are 70% and 85 % respectively, but the percent of non- skilled drivers is 20% higher than that of skilled drivers during the adjusting stage. During lane change process, the gazing behavior of skilled drivers is more flexible, and the ability of processing multi-task is better than that of non-skilled drivers. 6 figs, 7 refs.