我国突发公共卫生事件应急处置政策变迁:2003—2013年

Policies change related to public health emergency disposal in China: From 2003 to 2013

2003年SARS疫情以后,突发公共卫生事件应急处置工作得到高度重视,相关政策文件也在逐步完善。本文系统检索了我国十年来颁布的近百项国家层面的突发公共卫生事件应急处置政策,并从应急预案制订、应急队伍组建与培训、应急物资保障、信息报告要求、现场处置分工、应急评估工作和治理方式七个方面进行政策变迁分析。研究发现:十年来,突发公共卫生事件应急处置政策逐步细化,详细规定了应急预案的内容;明确了应急队伍构成和队伍培训工作内容;加强了应急物资保障制度的建设;明晰了应急现场处置各方职责;逐步重视应急处置的评估工作。但突发公共卫生事件应急处置仍以被动治理为主,且相关政策缺乏操作性,物资配备标准适用性差,时效性差。需及时转变理念,完善更新突发公共卫生应急处置政策及相关规范、标准。

Great attention had been paid to public health emergency after SARS outbroken 2003,related policies had been gradually perfected.Policies issued on the national level from 2003 to 2013 had been searched and analyzed from emergency plan establishing,emergency team organization and training,emergency material storage,information report rules,field disposal arTangement,emergency assessment to governance methods.It can be concluded that in the past ten years,public health emergency policies had been elaborated,emergency plan contents had been detailed,emergency team organization and training had been explicited,emergency material storage regulations had been enhanced,the responsibility of every unit in field disposal had been cleared,emergency assessment had been emphasized.But public health emergency disposal is dominated passively.Related policies lack of operability.Material standards lack of applicability and timeliness.Govern concept should be changed,disposal policies and standards should be perfected and renewed.