我国CDC突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力与现状分析

CDC emergency response capacity and current state of public health emergency in China

目的:分析我国CDC突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力与现状。方法:对2010年全国CDC突发公共卫生事件应急处置工作相关数据进行统计分析。结果:应急基础保障方面,全国CDC领导小组设置率和应急队伍设置率分别为96.2%和94.9%,而专家库设置率和本部门专门应急机构设置率仅为58.9%和60.9%;应急人员数量地区差异较大;应急物品储备齐全率仅为37.5%。应急能力建设方面,应急人员流行病学、应急检验和应急管理培训平均每人为1.78天、0.73天和0.67天;应急能力落实方面,应急处置职能完成度平均为54.1%。多因素回归分析显示,应急处置基础保障工作、应急能力建设均对应急处置结果产生影响。结论:现阶段我国CDC突发应急组织架构良好,突发事件信息报告和应急处置逐步规范,但仍需进一步加强专门应急机构和专家库建设、完善应急队伍结构、加强应急物品储备工作、提高应急培训和演练效果、落实突发事件应急处置职能。

Objectives：To analyze the capacity and current state of CDC public health emergency in China.Methods：This paper conducts a statistical analysis of public health emergency disposal and resource allocation in 2010.Results：In terms of emergency infrastructure security,the CDC＇s deployment rates for leading teams and emergency teams were 96.2％ and 94.6,respectively,while the deployment rates for expert databases and specialized departmental emergency response agencies were only 58.9％ and 60.9％.The number of emergency personnel varied greatly from region to region.The ratio of fully stocked emergency material was only 37.5％.In temps of emergency response capacity building,epidemiology,emergency inspection and emergency management training accounted for respective averages of 1.78 days,0.73 days and 0.67 days per emergency personnel.In terms of emergency response implementation capabilities,the average completion rate for emergency response functions was 54.1％.Multiple linear regressions indicate that emergency infrastructure security and capacity building determine the emergency disposal results.Conclusions：The organizational structure of the current CDC emergency response in China is sound,information reporting and field disposal have become more standardized,while specialized emergency response agencies and expert commentary should be further developed,and the organizational structure of emergency teams,the storage of emergency material,the training for emergency disposal,and the implementation of emergency disposal functions should also be further improved.