绵羊黑色素合成相关基因的研究进展

Research Progress of Genes Related to Melanin Synthesis in Sheep

毛色是一种可利用的遗传标记。在确定杂交组合、品种纯度和亲缘关系以及评价产品质量等方面均有一定的用途。哺乳动物毛色是由黑色素细胞产生的真黑素和褐黑素二者的分布和比例决定的。控制哺乳动物毛色色素的基因有很多,着重对黑色素合成相关基因酪氨酸酶基因(TYR)、黑素皮质激素受体1基因(MC1R)、鼠灰信号蛋白基因(Agouti)、酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1基因(TYRP1)的生物学功能及其遗传变异机制进行了综述。

As a genetic marker,coat color plays an important roles in determining cross combination,breed purity and phylogenesis. Coat color of mammals is determined by the distribution and proportion of eumelanin and pheomelanin,which produced by melanocytes. This article summarized the biological functions and the genetic variation of Tyrosinase gene（Tyr）,Melanocortin 1 receptor gene（MC1R）,Agouti signaling protein gene（Agouti）and Tyrosinase-related protein gene（TYRP1）.