葡萄褐斑病品种抗性鉴定及其病原菌的生物学特性

Identification of Grape Cultivar Resistance to Grape Leaf Spot and Biological Characteristics of Phaeoisariopsis vitis (Lev.)

研究了辽宁地区的葡萄褐斑病病原菌的生物学特性,鉴定了4个省（市）的40个葡萄品种对葡萄褐斑病的抗性。结果表明：PDA培养基最适宜该病菌生长;该病菌在10~35℃均能生长,最适生长温度为25℃;木糖和KNO3是适宜病菌生长的碳、氮源;该病菌对酸碱度的适应范围较广,在pH 3~12均能生长,以pH 6最适;分生孢子在10~40℃均能萌发,最适温度为25℃;光照对菌丝生长无显著影响。葡萄品种间对葡萄褐斑病表现的抗性差异明显,40个品种中表现抗病品种有12个,占30%;中抗品种11个,占27.5%;感病品种17个,占42.5%,无免疫品种。

The biological characteristics of Phaeoisariopsis vitis in Liaoning province and the resist- ance of forty varieties from 4 provinces were studied. The results showed that PDA was the optimum culture media for pathogen growing. It could grow from10 ℃ to 35 ℃, and the optimum temperature was 25℃. Xylose and KNO3 were the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The pathogen adapted to the wide range of pH value. It grew well from 3 to 12 pH value, and the optimum pH was 6. Conidial could germinate from 10 ℃ to 40℃, and the optimum temperature was 25 ℃. Light had no significant effect on mycelial growth. Different varieties exhibited different disease resistance among 40 varieties. There were 12 disease-resistant varieties which accounted for 30% of the total. There were 11 moderate resistant varieties which accounted for 27.5% of the total, and 17 were disease susceptible varieties which accounted for 42.5% of the total. There were no immune varieties.