50kW静音型电源车车厢降噪设计与试验分析

Study on Acoustic Reduction of 50 kW Quiet Power Vehicle Compartment

针对50 kW电源车噪声较高的问题,测量并分析了车厢内柴油发电机组的噪声频谱特性,将电源车车厢结构设计成了由操作舱、机组舱和消声舱组成的封闭式三舱结构.通过设计进排气消声器对进排气噪声进行控制.车厢各舱内壁设计了吸声隔声结构来控制各舱内噪声.消声舱内设计了三角形吸声立柱对机组舱传出的风扇噪声、振动噪声和其他各类噪声消声.通过试验测试发现,柴油发电机组安装于静音型电源车车厢后,噪声下降了25～ 30 dB,使得整车噪声＜75 dB.所设计噪声控制方案可以满足电源车噪声控制的要求.

Aiming at the problem of high noise of power vehicle, Frequency Spectrum characteristics of the noise of diesel generator in the compartment was measured and analyzed. The compartment of the power vehicle was designed as enclosed three cabins： managing cabin, gen-sets cabin and anechoic cabin. Intake and exhaust muf- flers were designed to control the noise produced by air intake and exhaust; acoustic absorption and insulation structures were arranged on the walls of each cabin; two triangle absorption columns were designed in anechoic cab- in to absorb the fan noise, vibration noise and the other noises emanated from gen-sets chamber. Finally an experiment was made, the noise had a reduction of about 25 - 30 dB and the noise outside of the vehicle was under 75 dB after the diesel generators were arranged in the vehicle, so the noise control methods can meet the requirements of quiet power vehicle.