儿童骨质疏松症及相关问题

Pediatric Osteoporosis and Related Problems

骨质疏松症在成人已经是一个明确的临床问题,但在儿科却是一个全新的和不断变化的领域,面临一系列诸如发病机制、诊断标准及治疗药物的选择等临床问题和挑战。最近,对于儿童骨质疏松症的认识已有很大提高,不论是由于基因突变和酶缺陷所致的原发性骨质疏松还是继发于各种疾病、药物及生活方式的继发性骨质疏松症,都已进行了更加深入的研究。该文综述了骨质疏松症的常见问题,包括导致原发性骨质疏松症的候选突变基因及酶缺乏,继发性骨丢失的发病机制,以及可能的诊断、预防或治疗方法。旨在总结小儿骨质疏松症及相关骨问题,提高医师及患者对疾病的认识和重视程度,并提供最合适的方法来检测、治疗或防止此类问题的发生。

Osteoporosis is a well-established clinical problem in adults, while in pediatrics, it is a new and evolving area, with a series of clinical problems and challenges such as, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment medication. Recently, there has been an increased awareness of osteoporosis in children. Both the primary osteoporosis due to genetic mutations and enzyme deficiencies, and the secondary ostcoporosis due to various diseases, medications, and lifestyle issues have been studied deeply. Here is to make a review of the common problems of osteoporosis,including the genetic mutations and enzyme deficiencies that can lead to the primary osteoporosis ,the pathogenesis of secondary bone loss, as well as the possible ways of diagnosing, preventing,or treating with such conditions. This review is aiming at enhancing the doctor and patient＇s understanding of this disease, and providing reference on the most appropriate ways to detect, treat, and prevent such problems from happening.