老年妇科肿瘤116例临床分析

Clinical Analysis on 116 Cases of Gynecological Tumors in Elderly Women

目的探讨老年妇科肿瘤的临床特点和围术期处理原则。方法回顾性分析2005年5月至2012年5月四川省妇幼保健院收治的116例老年妇科肿瘤患者的临床资料,分析其肿瘤类型、绝经年龄、术前并发症、术后并发症等。结果老年妇科肿瘤发生率与绝经年限(χ2=33.15,P<0.01)、绝经年龄相关(χ2=12.25,P<0.01),无痛性阴道出血和腹部包块是老年妇科肿瘤最常见的临床症状;老年妇科肿瘤患者术前合并症较多,占60.3%;术后并发症主要是电解质紊乱、肺部感染等。结论绝经年龄越大,绝经年限越长,老年妇科恶性肿瘤的发生率越高,绝经后阴道出血、腹部肿块是妇科恶性肿瘤出现最早的的危险信号。术前做好充分的准备工作,积极处理术前合并症,老年妇科肿瘤患者均能顺利完成预期手术。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of gynecologic tumors among elderly women and the treatment principals during the perioperative period. Methods The clinical data of 116 cases of elderly patients with gynecologic cancers admitted from May 2005 to May 2012 in Sichuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the type of the tumor, menopausal age, preoperative eomorbidities,postoperative complications as well as other data was analyzed. Results Incidence rate of gynecologic tumors were correlated with menopausal duration （ χ2 = 33.15, P 〈 0. 01 ） and menopausal age （ χ2 = 12.25, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Painless vaginal bleeding and abdominal mass were the most common clinical symptoms of gynecologic tumor in elderly women. Various preoperative complications happened to about 60.3% of these senile women. The main postoperative complications were electrolyte disturbance,pulmonary infection,etc. Conclusion The older the menopausal age and the longer the menopausal duration,the higher incidence of elderly gynecological malignant tumor occurs. Postmenopansal vaginal bleeding and abdominal mass are dangerous signals of gynecologic malignant tumors appear at the earliest. If the operations are fully prepared, and the preoperative complications are actively treated,most patients can smoothly get through the operation.