西方地方治理中的协商民主制度构架

Deliberative Democracy in Western Local Governance—— System Architecture and Enlightenment

地方治理在国家治理的制度结构中处于基础性地位。西方应对地方治理的主要模式是地方自治。西方地方自治能够良好运行的重要原因在于它依托于一系列的协商民主制度,这些制度成为地方自治赖以存在的根基、公民性格形成的土壤以及直接民主训练的场所。居民间协商制度、团体与政府协商制度和政府间协商制度共同构成了西方地方治理的主要制度经验。对我国而言,地方治理应构建以中国传统儒家思想为底蕴、以群众路线为指导的立体的协商民主制度平台,以充分发挥社会的自主力量,实现地方治理主体的多元化。

Local governance has a fundamental position in the structure of sate governance system,and the autonomy is the main mode of local governance in Western countries. An important reason for its successful operation is that it relies on a series of deliberative democracy systems which have become the foundation of local autonomy,the soil nurturing citizens' characters,and the immediate training ground for democracy. The consultation systems between residents,between social groups and the governments,and between the governments themselves constitute the main experience of the Western local governance system. For our country,local governance should be a three- dimensional platform for deliberative democracy system,based on traditional Chinese Confucianism and guided by the mass line,which enables the full play of social independent power and diversity of local governance participants.