寡头垄断、范围不经济与产业内的产品内贸易

Oligopoly, Diseconomies of Scope and Intra-industrial Intra-product Trade

在寡头垄断市场条件下,"厂商的策略性行为"与"厂商范围不经济效应较大",而最终产品内的中间产品种类数较多,这两者共同构成产业内的国际产品内贸易的基础。在国际市场竞争中,生产率较高的厂商不仅能扩大各种中间产品的市场需求量并提高最大化的总利润,而且能够出口更多种类的中间产品;而生产率较低的厂商其市场需求会受到排挤,生产率最低层次的厂商将因亏损而被迫退出市场。这些结论表明自由贸易能够在世界范围内提高资源的配置效率,这同当前异质企业贸易模型的结论是完全一致的。

Two factors determine international intra-industrial intra-product trade under the oligopoly market condition. One is the firm＇s strategic behavior,and the other is the big effect of the firm＇s diseconomies of scope as well as the huge diversity of intermediate products among final products. In the competitive international market, firms with higher productivity can not only capture considerable market demand for their intermediate products, but also can maximize their aggregate profits and increase the diversity of their intermediate export products. In contrast, firms with lower productivity will suffer losses and thus be forced to withdraw from the market. All this testifies that free trade can improve the global allocation efficiency, agreeing with the conclusion from heterogeneous firm trade models under the new trade theory.