船舶动力定位关键技术研究综述

Review on key techniques for ship dynamic positioning system

船舶动力定位系统能够有效解决海洋环境复杂多变导致船舶难以安全进行海上定点作业的问题,使海上定位操作船舶具有不受水深限制、快速投入或撤离作业点的优势,提高船舶的机动性和精确性。本文首先介绍船舶动力定位系统的结构组成和工作原理;而后总结归纳国内外关于船舶动力定位系统所涉及的几个关键技术研究现状,包括控制系统控制器设计、推力系统推力分配算法、测量系统滤波与数据融合技术;最后,讨论船舶动力定位几个关键技术的发展趋势。

Ship dynamic positioning system （DPS） can effectively solve the ship security problems when marine environment is complicated, and making the positioning vessels unaffected by depth limitation, and can quickly be in or out working spot, and thus improving the mobility and accuracy of ships. The structure and working principle are firstly introduced in this review. Then, some key techniques including DPS controller design, thruster allocation, filtering and data fusion are summarized and analyzed. Finally, the future directions of these key techniques in DPS are pointed out.