1982-2012年间福建省主要河口海岸岸线变迁遥感监测分析

Remote sensing monitoring and analysis of shoreline evolution in estuaries of Fujian Province from 1982 to 2012

利用1982、1991、2001年的Landsat影像和2012年的HJ影像监测了由福建入海的＂四江一溪＂（即赛江、闽江、木兰溪、晋江和九龙江）河口海岸变迁,并进行了时空变化分析.结果表明：赛江入海口两侧岸线整体向海推进,30a来陆地面积增长了7.46 km2;闽江口海岸由基本稳定到稳定向海推进,30a来陆地面积增长了13.43 km2;木兰溪入海口海岸基本稳定,变化较小;研究时段内,晋江入海口海岸向海推进速度一直在增加,2001-2012年间岸线平均向海推进速率达到30.34m/a;九龙江口与晋江口的演变趋势相似,30a来海岸陆地面积增加了12.43km2,且变化主要发生在入海口两侧;5个河口中,闽江口、九龙江口和晋江口的变化比较大,木兰溪口的变化最小.结合其他相关资料分析发现,上述河口的变化主要由围填海导致.

We monitored and analyzed the change of 4 rivers （Saijiang, Minjiang, Jinjiang and Jiulongjiang） and one stream （Mulanxi） estuaries entering the sea of Fujian based on Landsat and HJ images taken in the years of 1982, 1991,2001 and 2012. Results showed that both sides of Saijiang Estuary advanced seaward and the land area increased by 7.46 km2 during the study period. Minjiang Estuary evolved from being stable to advance seaward and the land area increased by 13.43km^2. The shoreline of Mulanxi Estuary kept stable with little changes. The accretion rate of Jinjiang Estuary has been increasing and the ehanging rate had reaehed to 30. 34 m/a during 2001 2012. The evolution trend of Jiulongjiang Estuary was similar to that of Jinjiang Estuary,where the shores of estuary experienced dramatic ehange. The land area of Jiulongjiang Estuary increased by 12. 43km^2 in recent 30 years. By comparison, we found that Minjiang Estuary had changed greatly in land areas besides Jiulongjiang and Jinjiang estuaries except for Mulanxi Estuary. Considering literature data, we found that the main reason for shoreline changing was due to sea reelamation.