烤烟与不同豆科作物套作对其生长发育和产质量的影响

Effects of Growth and Development and Yield and Output Value of Flue-cured Tobacco with Different Legume Intercropping

[目的]为我国南方低纬高海拔烟区烤烟间套种生产实践提供理论依据。[方法]通过大田小区试验,研究烤烟与不同豆科作物套作的农业生物多样性种植措施对烤烟烟叶生长发育与产质量的影响。[结果]各处理对烤烟生育期、农艺性状、田间自然发病率和烤后烟叶外观质量的影响不大,且处理之间不存在显著差异,但处理B(红花大金元与四季豆套作)的产量、产值高于其他处理。从3种不同豆科作物与烤烟套作的投入与产出比值来看,处理B和处理C(红花大金元与黄豆套作)经济效益较好,且处理B最好,中、上等烟比例较单作分别提高了4.48和3.15个百分点,产值增加10 865.25元/hm2,即投入最低,产值最高。[结论]红花大金元与四季豆套作可提高烟农收入和土地利用率。

[Objective] The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for flue-cured tobacco intercropping production practice in low latitude and high altitude flue-cured tobacco area of Southern China.[Method] The effects of the agricultural biodiversity planting modes of different legume crops interplanted with flue-cured tobacco on growth and development,quality and yield of tobacco was investigated.[Result] Each treatment had a little effect on flue-cured tobacco growth stage,agronomic traits,the field natural incidence rate and leaf appearance quality,and there were no significant difference among all treatments,however,the yield and output value of treatment B （Honghuadajinyuan and sauteed green beans intercropping） were higher than those of the other treatments.From the perspective of input-output ratio of the three different legume crops intercropping with flue-cured tobacco,both treatment B and treatment C（Honghuadajinyuan and soybean intercropping） had good economic benefits,and the treatment B was the best one,comparing to monoculture plantation,under treatment B the ratio of upper and middle level tobacco leaf increased 4.48 and 3.15 percentage respectively,and the output value increased by 10 865.25 CNY/hm2,so its investment was the lowest and the output value was the highest.[Conclusion] Honghuadajinyuan and sauteed green beans intercropping increases the tobacco farmer income and land utilization.