水曲柳种子园花粉飞散规律研究

Study on the Distributing Rule of Pollen in Fraxinus mandshurica Seed Orchard

[目的]研究影响水曲柳花粉成熟和飞散的关键因素,揭示花粉飞散规律,为水曲柳种子园的设计及升级改造提供依据.[方法]通过对苇河林业局青山林场水曲柳种子园进行初步研究,对水曲柳开花期间花粉在时间和空间分布,水平和垂直分布,及花粉的飞散规律进行观测研究.[结果]园内雄花于5月10日开始散粉,散粉期从5月10～15日,花粉浓度的时间和空间变化以及水平和垂直分布与环境因素有密切关系.花粉浓度的最大值（4 737粒）在9：00～ 15：00.[结论]影响花粉飞散的因素中,环境因子（风速、温度、相对湿度、风向）起主要作用.影响花粉量大小的因素中,温度占主导地位.

[Objective] This article studied on the key factor that affected the maturity and distributing of Fraxinus mandshurica pollen and reveal the distributing rule of pollen,which can supply theoretical basis for designing and upgrading the Fraxinus mandshurica seed orchard.[Method] Through a primary research on Fraxinus mandshurica seed orchard in Qingshan forestry station of Weihe forestry bureau,we have observed and researched time and space distribution,horizontal and vertical distribution and the distributing rule of pollen when Fraxinus mandshurica was flowering.[Result] Male flowers started dispersing pollen from May 10,to 15,and time and space changes as well as horizontal and vertical distribution of the pollen concentration had close relationships with environmental factors.A maximum pollen concentration （4 737 grains） was during 9：00-15：00 every day.[Conclusion] Environmental factors （wind speed,temperature,relative humidity,wind direction） play a leading role and temperature is the most important factor in the factors that affected the amount of pollen.