颅外脊索瘤治疗研究新进展

Novel progress in treatment of extracranial chordoma

脊索瘤是一种罕见的低中度恶性骨肿瘤,具有临床症状不典型、早期诊断困难、手术彻底切除困难、术后复发率高以及传统放化疗不敏感等特点,因此临床治疗十分困难。本文从外科手术、放疗和化疗等方面介绍了颅外脊索瘤的治疗进展,包括分化疗法和刺激响应性水凝胶等新型治疗方式,以及根据肿瘤药敏检测指导临床用药。最后,本文介绍了脊索瘤新靶点治疗的最新研究进展、目前存在的问题以及未来的展望。

Chordoma is one kind of low to intermediate-grade malignant tumor. As a rare cancer, chordoma is very difficult to treat for some unusual traits, including the nontypical clinical symptoms, difficulty of the early diagnosis, difficulty of radical resection, high rate of postoperative recurrence and insensitivity to traditional radiation and chemotherapy, and so on. This paper introduces the advance in treatment of extracranial chordoma in the aspects of surgical operation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which consists of differentiation method, stimuli-responsive hydrogels, and chemotherapy tailored on the basis of the sensitivity of patient-derived tumor cells. Furthermore, this article describes the latest research progress in novel targets of chordoma treatment, as well as current problems and prospect in the future.