假单胞菌属合成环脂肽分子的研究进展

Advance in study on cyclic lipopeptides produced by Pseudomonas

假单胞菌属合成的环脂肽是一类由脂肪酸和肽链组成、通过酯键成环、具有两亲性的分子。环脂肽有多种生理功能,除具表面活性外,还具有抗细菌、抗病毒、抗真菌、抑制肿瘤细胞等活性,可作为潜在的抗生素类药物被开发。本文就假单胞菌属所合成环脂肽的种类、功能和生物合成机制进行总结,同时对分子生物学、生物信息学等新兴学科技术结合传统分离鉴定技术在发现新型环脂肽类物质方面的运用作一综述。

Cyclic lipopeptide produced by Pseudomonas is composed ofa fatty acid tail linked to a short oligopeptide,which is cyclized to form a lactone ring or amido ring. The special amphiphilic structure endows the cyclic lipopeptides many physiological functions. In addition to the classical application as surfactant,the cyclic lipopeptides also have antibacterial,antifungal,antitumor and antiviralactivities,which can be considered as new antibiotics. This paper highlights the researches on structure,function and biosynthesis mechanism of cyclic lipopeptides produced by Pseudomonas,and reviews the application ofmolecularbiologicaland bioinformaticstechniquescombined with conventionalseparation technologies in finding newcycliclipopeptides.