中小学教师心理健康状况调查研究

Mental Health Level of Primary and Secondary School Teachers

目的分析中小学教师心理健康现状,为教师心理保健工作提供科学依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对362名中小学教师进行随机抽样调查。结果 1中小学教师SCL-90总均分与全国常模存在显著差异(t=5.15,P<0.001),各因子中人际敏感和偏执与全国常模差异不显著,其余各因子均高于全国常模且差异显著;2总均分阳性检出率为:18%的教师有轻度症状,2.2%有中度、重度症状,因子阳性检出率由高到低依次为强迫症状、躯体化、抑郁、敌对、人际关系敏感、焦虑、偏执、精神病性、恐怖;3小学、中学以及高中教师SCL-90总均分及因子分之间不存在显著差异;4中小学教师SCL-90总均分性别差异不显著,因子中躯体化性别差异显著(t=-2.93,P<0.01)。结论中小学教师心理健康问题突出,引人深思,教育部门应予以高度重视。

Objective To analyze the present situation of primary and secondary school teachers＇mental health ,and provide the scientific basis for teachers＇psychological health care work.Methods Using the symptom checklist 90（SCL -90） to investigate 362 primary and secondary school teachers with a random order .Results ①There was significant difference between total average and the national norm in SCL-90 of primary and secondary school teachers （t=5.15,P〈0.001）,all the variables scored higher than the national norm except interpersonal sensitivity and intolerance;②Positive detection rate of total average：18%of the teachers had mild symptoms , 2.2%had moderate and severe symptoms ,factor positive detection rate from high to low in turn was forced symptoms ,somatization,depression,hostility and interpersonal sensitivity ,anxiety,paranoia,psychosis,terror;③There was no significant difference of SCL -90 between total average and factor points of elementary school ,middle school and high school teachers;④SCL-90 total score had no significant gender difference in primary and secondary school teachers ,but there was significant gender difference in somatization （ t=-2.93,P〈0.01）.Conclusion The psychological health problems of primary and secondary school teachers is standing out ,thought-provoking and education department should pay great attention .