精神分裂症照料者相关社会心理因素

Research on Schizophrenia Caregiver's Social Psychological Factors

目的研究精神分裂症照料者社会心理因素的特点及影响因素。方法应用生活事件量表、多伦多述情障碍量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、应付方式问卷及社会支持问卷,测定48例精神分裂症照料者遭遇的生活事件及其身心健康状况,了解其采取的应付方式,现有的社会支持及其影响因素,同时选取健康对照组50例相同量表评定。结果精神分裂症照料者所经历的生活事件总频数,负性生活事件频数,精神紧张总值及负性紧张值均显著高于对照组(t=3.978,5.064,6.694,9.282;P<0.01),消极应付方式评分,抑郁及焦虑分值均显著高于对照组(t=8.195,9.815,7.174;P<0.01)。积极应付评分,社会支持总分减低(t=-2.394,P<0.05;t=3.616,P<0.01);消极应付方式明显高于对照组(t=8.394,P<0.01)。结果显示精神分裂症照料者生活事件频数,生活事件紧张总值,抑郁等因子维度与对照组均存在显著差异,在社会支持及应付方式上研究组与对照组也存在明显差异。结论精神分裂症照料者心理健康状况不容乐观,需要进一步关注,必要时应采取积极的干预措施。

Objective To investigate the psychosocial factors in schizophrenia caregiver and its influencing factors .Methods The psychosocial factors were evaluated by LES ,TABPQ,CS,SSS,SDS,SAS,TAS in 48 schizophrenia caregiver and 50 normal controls.Results The frequency of negative life events ,the stress of negative and total life events experienced before this episode by the schizophrenia caregiver were significantly higher than the controls （t=3.978,5.064,6.694,9.282,P〈0.01）.Negative coping style and depression and anxiety were higher than those of the controls （t=8.195,9.815,7.174,P〈0.01）.The scores of positive coping style and social support were lower than those of the controls （t=-2.394,P〈0.05;t=3.616,P〈0.01）;The score of positive coping style was significantly higher than those of the controls （t=8.394,P〈0.01）.Stress of negative life events and depression were the risk factors Conclusion The psychosocial state is not optimistic for schizophrenia caregiver .Psychosocial interventions should be taken to the schizophrenia caregiver.