大学新生自我概念与父母教养方式

Self-concept and Parental Rearing Pattern in College Freshmen

目的探讨大学新生自我概念及与其父母教养方式的关系。方法以唐山市某高校362名大学新生为研究对象,采用田纳西自我概念量表和父母教养方式评价量表进行问卷调查。结果 1男女大学新生的自我概念在自我行动(t=2.260,P<0.05)及自我批评(t=3.732,P<0.001)上存在显著差异;2双亲不同受教育程度的大学新生自我概念在道德自我(F=6.572,6.376;P<0.01)、心理自我(F=7.211,P<0.001;F=5.403,P<0.01)、家庭自我(F=4.942,4.902;P<0.01)、自我认同(F=6.756,6.963;P<0.001)、自我行动(F=3.242,P<0.05)和自我概念总分(F=5.060,4.823;P<0.01)上存在显著差异,且文化程度越高差异越显著;3不同自我概念水平组大学新生的父母教养方式在父亲过分干涉(t=2.730,P<0.01)、父亲过度保护(t=2.256,P<0.05)、母亲温暖理解(t=-2.758,P<0.01)、母亲过度干涉或过度保护(t=2.771,P<0.01)上存在显著差异。结论 1大学新生在自我行动上,男生较女生积极;在自我批评上女生较男生积极;2双亲受教育程度越高,大学新生的自我概念越积极;3父母给予子女情感温暖与理解,子女较易形成积极的自我概念,而过度干涉、过度保护则使子女形成消极的自我概念。

Objective To study the relationship between freshmen ’ self-concept and their parental rearing pattern .Methods A total of 362 college freshmen completed TSCS and EMBU .Results ①There were significant differences between sexes in self action（ t=2.260,P〈0.05）and self-criticism（t=3.732,P〈0.001）;②There were significant differences among education degrees of parents in moral self（F=6.572,6.376;P〈0.01）,psychological self （F=7.211,P〈0.001;F=5.403,P〈0.01）,family self（F=4.942, 4.902;P〈0.01）,self-identity（F=6.756,6.963;P〈0.001）,self-action（F=3.242,P〈0.05）and self-concept total score（F=5.060,4.823;P〈0.01）,and the higher level of education parents got ,the more significant differences there were .③There were signifi-cant differences between different self -concept level groups in father excessive interference （t=2.730,P〈0.01）,father excessive protection（t=2.256,P〈0.05）,mother warm understanding （t=-2.758,P〈0.01）,mother excessive interference or excessive protection factor（t=2.771,P〈0.01）.Conclusion ①The self-behavior of male is more positive than females ’,the self-criticism of female is more positive than males ’ .②The higher education degree parents have ,the more positive self -concept college freshmen own .③With their parents ’ emotional warmth and understanding ,college freshmen get positive self -concept easily;If there are not ,they will have felt depressed .