泄泻辨识

Diarrhea Identification

《阴阳十一脉灸经》"大(太)阴脉:是胃脉也……其所产病:……唐(泄),死","唐(泄)"即泄泻。先秦两汉未出现泄泻病名,相关内容列为病证而论,《内经》所言诸泄涵盖全面,除无"泄泻"病名外,几乎包括了后世大部分泄泻病名:濡泄、飧泄、洞泄、鹜溏、后泄、遗矢等。仲景称为"下利",晋唐时期变化不大,宋代是病名分水岭(此前泄痢混谈),开始明确"泄泻"之名;明清时期认识趋于完善。现代研究认为病位在脾胃,脾虚湿胜重要因素,外因与湿邪关系最大,即所谓"无湿不成泄";内因与脾虚关系最为密切,肝、肾失调所引起。临床辨识诊断与鉴别诊断方法标准明确;辨证论治分暴泻与久泻分型施药。

Diarrhea is a common clinical gastrointestinal disorders, which troubled people＇s daily lives more and more, including middle-aged or the elderly. Since ancient times, many ancient bookstore and physicians explained diarrhea disease. The diarrheas mentioned in Nei Jing cover fully, which almost included the later diarrhea disease：moisten vent, vent supper, Dong Xie, duck pond, after discharge, Yi Shi, etc. But it doesn＇t exsit a name about diarrhea. Zhongjing called ＂xia li＂. There is little change in Jin and Tang Dynasties, Song Dynasty is a watershed about the name （ Xie and Li had a mixed talk ）, which cleared ＂diarrhea＂ in the name.It tends toward perfection in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Modern research suggests that the disease is located in spleen and stomach, and spleen dysfunction due to dampness is an important factor. There is a stongest association with external factors and dampness, which is called ＂no wet, no diarrhea＂. There is a stongest association with internal factors and spleen, which is caused by liver and kidney disorders. Diagnosis in both clinical and differential are clear. It is divided into Violent diarrhea and chronic diarrhea in differential treatment.