某炭素厂职业病危害控制效果评价

Evaluation of control effect on occupational hazards in a carbon factory

目的调查超高功率石墨电极及接头生产过程中可能产生和存在的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,确定其职业病防护设施的控制效果。方法采用职业卫生现场调查和职业卫生检测方法对职业病危害因素进行检测和评价。结果该厂存在的主要职业病危害因素有粉尘、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、氮氧化物、煤焦油沥青挥发物、噪声、高温及热辐射等。检测结果表明,粉尘和煤焦油沥青挥发物危害最为严重,超限倍数分别为3.7倍和66.0倍。总粉尘、呼吸性粉尘、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、二氧化硫、煤焦油沥青挥发物、噪声检测合格率分别为86.7%、75.0%、100.0%、100.0%、100.0%、0、89.3%。结论粉尘和煤焦油沥青挥发物是最主要的职业病危害因素,除煤焦油沥青挥发物超标情况严重外,其余的粉尘、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、二氧化硫、噪声控制效果较好,采取的职业病危害防护设施基本可行。

[Objective] To investigate the occupational risk factors and the damage degree generated and existed in productive process of ultra-high power graphite electrodes and joints, determine the control effect of occupational disease prevention facilities. [ Methods] The oeeupational risk factors were detected and evaluated by occupational health field survey and occupational health detection method. [ Results] The main occupational risk factors were dust, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, coal tar pitch volatiles, noise, high temperature and thermal radiation. Test results showed that hazards of dust and coal tar pitch vola- tiles were the most serious~ the overload multiples were 3.7 times and 66 times. The detection qualified rate of total dust, respira- ble dust, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, coal tar pitch volatiles and noise were 86.7%, 75.0%, 100. 0%, 100. 0%, 100. 0%, 0 and 89.3%, respectively. [ Conclusion]Dust and coal tar pitch volatiles are the main occupational hazards factors. In addition to coal tar pitch volatiles exceeds the standard seriously, the control effect of dust, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and noise is better. The occupational hazard prevention facilities are feasible.