北京市昌平区3种人群对人感染H7N9禽流感知识、心理、行为状况调查

Investigation on knowledge,psychology and behavior about human infection with H7N9 avian influenza in three populations in Changping District of Beijing

目的了解北京市昌平区不同人群对人感染H7N9禽流感的认知、心理、行为状况和对政府实施措施的满意度情况。方法制定统一调查表,随机抽取2013年4月食品从业人员、学生和社区居民共670人,采取当场自填式和个别面对面询问相结合的问卷调查。结果 95.4%的人知道北京市出现了人感染H7N9禽流感疫情;有75.6%的调查对象对政府采取措施感到满意;有44.5%的人对疫情动态比较关注;对发生人感染H7N9禽流感有47.8%的人有点紧张,紧张的原因中有47.3%的人担心疫情扩大;在6项人感染H7N9禽流感相关知识中,食品从业人员有3项回答正确率较高,学生有3项回答正确率较高,居民有1项回答正确率较高。有23.9%的调查人群在北京市发生人感染H7N9禽流感疫情后有行为改变,其中以社区居民行为改变率最高。获得禽流感知识的渠道以电视(90.9%)和网络(76.3%)为主。结论昌平区不同人群对人感染H7N9禽流感有较高的认知度,但部分人群表现对人感染H7N9禽流感的紧张情结。应继续加大对人感染H7N9禽流感防治知识的宣传和培训力度,正确引导媒体舆论,防止因对人感染H7N9禽流感疫情认识不足而引起社会恐慌。

[ Objective] To understand the status of knowledge, psychology and behavior about human infection with H7N9 avian influenza in various populations in Changping District of Beijing, analyze the satisfaction toward the government＇s measures. [ Methods ] By using the unified self-designed questionnaire with self-administered and face to face interview, the questionnaire survey was conducted in 670 food employees, students and community residents, who were randomly selected in April 2013. [ Results]95.4% of respondents knew that there was epidemic situation of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza in Beijing, 75.6% of them were satisfied with the government measures, and 44.5% of people pay more attention to the epidemic situation. 47.8% of respondents got a little nervous on the epidemic situation of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza, as for the cause of tension, 47.3% of them were worried about the spread of the disease. In six items of knowledge about human infection with H7N9 avian influenza, food employees have answered correctly for three items, students have answered correctly for three items, and residents have answered correctly for one item. 23.9% of respondents have changed their behavior after the epidemic situation of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza, and the change rate of community residents was the highest. The main ways of obtaining the knowledge about avian influenza were TV （ 90.9% ） and network （76.3% ）. [ Conclusion] Various populations in Changping District have higher perception of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza, but some people get nervous on the disease. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education on the knowledge about human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza prevention, correctly guide the media public opinion, to prevent the social panic caused by lack of understanding on human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza.