肉鸡和市售生鸡产品中变形杆菌的研究

Study on proteus in chicken and raw chicken products

目的调查肉鸡和市售生鸡产品中变形杆菌分布状况,为变形杆菌所致食物中毒的流行病学调查和防控提供科学依据。方法采集72份屠宰前肉鸡的肛拭子、市售生鸡肝205份、鸡心99份和鸡胸27份样品,进行分离培养和生化鉴定。结果 72份屠宰前肉鸡中分离出53株变形杆菌,阳性率73.61%;205份鸡肝中分离出58株变形杆菌,阳性率28.29%;99份鸡心中分离出9株变形杆菌,阳性率9.01%,从27份鸡胸中分离出7株变形杆菌,阳性率为25.93%。127株变形中奇异变形杆菌120株,占94.50%,普通变形杆菌7株,占5.5%。奇异变形杆菌在四类样品中都有分离,普通变形杆菌除肛拭子外均有离出。结论健康肉鸡中可携带变形杆菌,市售生鸡产品中变形杆菌污染较严重,有引起食物中毒的风险。

Objective To detect proteus distribution in adult chicken and raw chicken products, and provide basis for epidemiological investigation and prevention of proteus food poisoning. Methods Seventy - two anal swabs of pre - slaughter chicken, 205 commercial raw chicken liver samples, 99 chicken heart samples and 27 chicken breast samples were collected for isolation, culture and biochemical identification. Results Fifty - three proteus strains were isolated from 72 anal swabs, and the positive rate was 73.61%. Fifty - eight proteus strains were isolated from 205 chicken liver samples, and the positive rate was 28.29%. Nine proteus strains were isolated from 99 chicken heart samples, and the positive rate was 9. O1%. Seven proteus strains were isolated from 27 chicken breast samples, and the positive rate was 25.93%. A total of 127 proteus strains were isolated, including 120 strains of proteus mirabilis （94.50%） and 7 strains of proteus vulgaris（ 5. 50% ）. Proteus mirabilis were isolated from all kinds of samples, while Proteus vulgari were isolated from all kinds of samples except anal swabs. Conclusion Proteus could be carried by healthy chicken. Proteus pollution is serious in commercially - used chicken products, likely to cause the risk of food poisoning.