陕西省2013年蔬菜中铅、镉污染现状及近5年趋势分析

Analysis of lead and cadmium contamination in vegetables in Shanxi province in 2013 and its latest five-year tendency

目的测定2013年陕西省市售蔬菜中铅、镉的含量,并结合近5年数据,按蔬菜食用部位进行分类统计,对陕西省市售蔬菜中铅、镉污染状况做出评价。方法利用石墨炉原子吸收法测定市售蔬菜中铅、镉含量,采用单因子污染指数法对不同蔬菜类别的铅、镉污染状况进行评价,对铅、镉在蔬菜中含量相关性进行分析。结果 2013年陕西省共采集6类蔬菜466份样品,铅合格率为98.5%,镉合格率为98.9%,各类蔬菜中铅、镉的单因子污染指数均<1,镉检出率明显高于铅,铅、镉在蔬菜中含量无相关性。结论 2013年陕西省蔬菜中铅、镉污染程度较低,但叶类菜中铅、镉含量均值显著高于其他类蔬菜;从总体上讲2009年-2013年陕西省蔬菜中铅、镉污染状况呈逐年下降趋势。

Objective To measure the contents of lead and cadmium in vegetables in Shanxi province in 2013. In addition, the latest 5 - year data based on different edible parts of vegetables was analyzed by statistical methods to evaluate the tendency of lead and cadmium contamination in vegetables. Methods Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was employed to measure the contents of lead and cadmium in vegetables from markets. One - factor contamination index was used to evaluate the pollution situation of lead and cadmium in different types of vegetables. Moreover, the correlation between contents of lead and cadmium in vegetables was analyzed. Results In 2013, 466 samples from 6 types of vegetables were collected in Shanxi province, the qualified rate of lead was 98.5% and that of cadmium was 98.9%. The one - factor contamination index of lead and cadmium were both less than 1 in all vegetables samples. The detection rate of cadmium was obviously higher than lead, and there was no correlation between lead content and cadmium content in vegetables. Conclusion The pollution levels of lead and cadmium were lower in vegetables in Shanxi province, but the contents of both were higher in leaf vegetables than others. Generally speaking, the contamination of lead and cadmium decreased over years from 2009 to 2013.