北京大学人民医院妇科门诊患者就诊原因及疾病分布情况调查

A survey of complains and diseases in the gynecologic outpatient of Peking University People's Hospital

目的了解北京大学人民医院妇科门诊患者就诊原因、疾病种类及在不同人群中的分布特点,以更有针对性地做好医疗卫生服务。方法 2012年10-11月在北京大学人民医院妇科门诊随机发放2 279份调查问卷,调查患者出生年月、身高、体质量、初潮、月经和绝经情况,并结合其本次就诊的病历资料由门诊医生填写就诊原因和既往妇科相关疾病情况。结果在2 279例患者中,就诊原因序位依次为生殖道感染(29.1%,664/2 279)、妇科肿瘤(20.9%,477/2 279)、异常子宫出血(12.2%,279/2 279)、体检(10.9%,248/2 279)和内分泌疾病(6.9%,157/2 279)等。因生殖道感染就诊者主要集中在年龄≤40岁、轻体质量和正常体质量、未绝经患者中;因妇科肿瘤就诊者主要集中在年龄>40岁、超重和肥胖、绝经患者中;因异常子宫出血就诊者主要集中在年龄≤40岁、轻体质量患者中;因内分泌疾病就诊者主要集中在年龄>40岁、超重和肥胖、绝经患者中;因体检就诊者主要集中在年龄≤40岁患者中。以上各指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京大学人民医院妇科门诊患者就诊原因及疾病种类较多,居前三位的是生殖道感染、妇科肿瘤及异常子宫出血,各就诊原因及疾病在不同年龄、体质指数、月经情况中分布存在差异,建议更有针对性地开展疾病诊治和更合理地进行医疗资源分配。

Objective To investigate the types, proportions and distribution characteristics of complains and diseases in different populations in the gynecology outpetient clinic of our hospital. Methods Questionnaires were randomly given to patients who came to see doctor in our gynecology clinic from October to November 2012, data of birth, height, weight, menarche, menstruation, menopause situation, reasons for treatment and past gynecological disease situations were analyzed. Results There were totally 2 279 patients completed the forms. The order of reasons for treatment was reproductive tract infections （29.1%）, gynecological tumors （20.9 %）, abnormal uterine bleeding （12. 2%）, physical examination （10.9 %）, endocrine diseases （6.9% ） and so on. Patients with reproduc- tive tract infections were mainly concentrated in the populations of age≤40 years old, light weight and normal weigh. The patients whose reasons for treatment was gynecological tumors were mainly concentrated in the popula- tions of age〉40 years old, overweight or obesity and menopause. Patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were mainly in the populations of ≤40 years old and light - weight. Those with endocrine diseases were mainly concen- trated in the populations of age〉40 years old, overweight or obesity and menopause. Patients whose reasons for treatment was physical examination were mainly〉40 year old. The previous differences were statistically signifi- cant. Conclusions There are a great variety of complains and diseases in our hospital＇s gynecology clinic, the major diseases are reproductive tract infections and gynecologic oncology, the distribution of diseases in different ages, body mass index, menstruation are different with statistical significance. We should diagnose and treat diseases more in pertinence and distribute the medical resources more reasonably.