含氟活性染料的生态环保问题

Ecological problems of fluorine-containing reactive dyes

含氟三嗪活性染料以其高固色率、高提升力而著称。但其原料中三聚氟氰的毒性、低沸点、高蒸汽压,对生产设备材质和安全提出很高要求。特别是该染料的氟离基在碱性介质中生成的氟化钠,毒性大、水溶性小,对产品质量和废水处理造成很大困难。文中阐述含氟活性染料的发展历史,以及含氟活性染料的生态问题,提出采用DIN38409H14测定AgF存在的缺陷,而采用离子色谱则可以克服上述问题。

Reactive dyes with fluoro-triazinyl group are famous for their high fixation and built-up property, but the toxicity, low boiling point and high vapour pressure of raw material of cyanuric fluoride have put forward a higher requirement on the material and security of the production equipment, especially that the strong toxicity and poor watersolubility of sodium fluoride produced in alkali solution would bring heavy burden on environment. The development history and ecological problems of fluorine-containing reactive dyes are introduced. The defects in determination of AgF with DIN 38409 HI4 are pointed out, and a new determination method with ion chromatography is proposed to overcome the above problem.