负压封闭引流用聚乙烯醇缩甲醛的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl Formal for Vacuum Sealing Drainage

采用机械搅拌发泡法，以聚乙烯醇、甲醛、淀粉、十二烷基磺酸钠（SDS）和硫酸为原料，制备负压封闭引流用聚乙烯醇缩甲醛泡沫材料，研究了搅拌速率、SDS用量、固化温度、淀粉添加量等对产品吸水性能、拉伸性能、孔径及其分布的影响．结果表明：SDS添加量在0．0～2．0g范围内时，材料吸水性能随SDS添加量增大而增大；SDS添加量大于1．0g后，材料的力学性能趋于稳定；随着淀粉用量的增大和固化温度的升高，材料的力学性能急剧下降；高速搅拌可以制得孔径更小、孔径分布更均匀的发泡材料；SDS用量增大会产生更多的大孔，最终产品的孔径分布范围更大；泡孔数目与淀粉添加量并无严格对应关系．

Polyvinyl formal, a kind of foam material for vacuum sealing drainage, was synthesized via a mechanical mixing and foaming approach, with polyvinyl alcohol, methanal, starch, sodium dodeeyl sulfate （SDS） and sulfuric acid as materials. Then, the effects of stirring speed, SDS content, curing temperature and starch dosage on the water absorbency, tensile property, pore size and pore size distribution of the product were investigated. The results show that （ 1 ） the water absorbency of the synthesized foam material increases with the SDS content ranging from 0.0 to 2.0 g; （2） the mechanical properties of the material become stable when SDS content is more than 1.0 g but dramatically degrade with the increase of starch dosage and curing temperature; （3） higher stirring speed may result in smaller pore and more uniform pore size distribution; （4） more SDS may lead to more large pores and wider pore size distribution; and （5） the number of pores is not strictly related to starch dosage.