伪装与揭露:面具背后的戏剧性转换与投射——论戏剧治疗中面具运用的实操方法与符号象征意义

Camouflage and Revelation-the Dramatic Transformation and Projection behind the Mask

戏剧治疗学(Drama therapy)是一门综合了医学、心理学及戏剧与影视学等理论与方法的新兴学科。早在古希腊、古罗马时期,戏剧的治疗功能已开始为人们所认识,然而,直到20世纪70年代,戏剧治疗学才逐渐发展成为一门独立的学科。目前我国,尤其是大陆地区,在戏剧治疗方面的研究还相对薄弱,而对戏剧治疗中面具运用的论述更不多见。本文立足于戏剧治疗的实操过程,力图从面具运用的本源入手,分析面具在戏剧治疗中对来访者实现戏剧性"投射"(projection)与"转换"(transformation)的重要作用和意义。

The drama therapy is a new discipline combining the elements of medicine,psychology,drama,and filming theory.As early as in the ancient Greek and Roman times the remedial function of the drama had already begun to be known but not until the1970's did it develop into an independent discipline.Currently studies on the drama therapy is still relatively weak in the China's Mainland and it is even more rarely seen of any writings about the use of the mask.This essay grounds in the process of practical operating of the drama therapy and begins with the origin of the use of mask in an attempt to analyze its important effect and meaning to the visitors with dramatic projection and transformation during a drama therapy session.