游离棉酚对15~35日龄肉鸭生长性能、回肠养分利用率及肠道形态的影响

Effects of Free Gossypol on Growth Performance,Ileal Nutrient Utilization and Intestinal Morphology of Meat Ducks Aged from 15 to 35 Days

本试验旨在研究饲粮游离棉酚（ FG）含量对15～35日龄肉鸭生长性能、回肠养分利用率及肠道形态的影响。选择900只15日龄肉鸭随机分为5个处理，每个处理10个重复，每个重复18只鸭。各处理饲粮 FG 含量（测定值）分别为0（对照组）、36．4、75．2、110．7和152．9 mg/kg。试验期20 d。结果表明：1）随饲粮FG含量增加，肉鸭35日龄体重、平均日增重线性下降（ P＜0．01），料重比线性增加（ P＜0．01）；肉鸭回肠能量、粗蛋白质、干物质的利用率线性下降（P＜0．01），肉鸭21日龄十二指肠绒毛高度和绒隐比、35日龄空肠的隐窝深度线性下降（ P＜0．01）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮FG含量为152．9 mg/kg组肉鸭35日龄体重、平均日增重及粗蛋白质、干物质利用率极显著降低（ P＜0．01）；饲粮FG含量≥36．4 mg/kg显著或极显著降低了肉鸭回肠干物质利用率、21日龄十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度、21日龄十二指肠绒隐比和28日龄空肠绒毛高度（ P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。综上所述，肉鸭饲粮FG含量应低于36．4 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary free gossypol（ FG）content on growth performance,ileal nutrient utilization and intestinal morphology of meat ducks aged from 15 to 35 days. A total of 900 fifteen-day-old meat ducks were randomly allocated to 5 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment and 18 ducks per replicate. Dietary FG contents in the 5 treatments were 0（ control group）,36.4,75.2,110.7 and 152.9 mg/kg,respectively. The experiment lasted for 20 days. The results showed as follows：1）with the in-crease of dietary FG content,the body weight of 35 days of age and average daily gain of meat ducks linearly decreased（ P〈0.01）,the ratio of feed to gain linearly increased（ P〈0.01）,the digestibility of energy,crude protein and dry matter in ileum of meat ducks linearly decreased（ P〈0.01）,the villus height of duodenum and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth（ V/C）at 21 days of age,and the crypt depth of jejunum at 21 days of age linearly decreased（ P〈0.01）. 2）Compared with the control group,the body weight of 35 days of age, average daily gain and the digestibility of crude protein and dry matter in ileum of meat ducks were significantly decreased in 152.9 mg/kg FG group（ P〈0.01）,and the ileal dry matter digestibility,villus height of duode-num and jejunum at 21 days of age,V/C of duodenum at 21 days of age and villus height of jejunum at 28 days of age were significantly decreased when dietary FG content ≥36.4 mg/kg（P〈0.05 of P〈0.01）. In conclusion,dietary FG content of meat ducks should less than 36.4 mg/kg.