酒精滥用的生物标志物及研究进展

Research Progress in Biomarkers of Alcohol Abuse

目的:介绍近年来在酒精滥用生物标志物方面的若干研究进展。方法:对近年相关文献进行复习。结果:酒精滥用的生物标志物可归纳为间接性和直接性两类。间接性标志物包括GGT、AST、ALT、MCV以及近年备受重视的糖缺乏性转铁蛋白(CDT)。直接的生物标志物包括乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷、全血相关乙醛、磷脂酰乙醇、脂肪酸乙酯等。结论:酒精滥用与依赖的诊断主要依靠详细可靠的病史及躯体检查。同时,恰当地使用一些辅助检查,尤其是一些经济、快速、简便的实验室检查,往往可以快速筛选出可疑的阳性病例。

Objective： To review the progress in research on biomarkers of alcohol abuse and dependence. Methods： Literature review based on Medline search and hand-picked references. Results： We highlight the traditional and some novel biomarkers that can be used in clinical and research settings.（ 1） Indirect biomarkers,such as GGT,AST,ALT,MCV and the novel biomarker,carbohydrate-deficient transferring（ CDT）.（ 2） Direct biomarkers： such as ethyl glucuronide（ EtG）,whole blood associated acetaldehyde（ WBAA）,phosphatidyl ethanol（ PEth） and fatty acid ethyl esters（ FAEE）. Conclusions： The diagnosis of alcohol abuse and dependence rely primarily on careful history taking and physical examination. Appropriate use of some laboratory tests,especially some rapid,simple and cost-effective tests can detect positive cases.