低热辐射强度下防护服热防护性能的实验研究

Bench scale test of the thermal protective performance of protective clothing for low intensity thermal radiation

小尺度实验是测量服装热阻常用的方法之一。为了测量高温下服装热阻,该文在锥形量热仪的基础上,设计了一套用于研究多层织物热传递机理的小尺度实验测试装置,建立了高温热辐射下使用热平板测量热阻的计算公式。基于该实验装置,在1-10kW/m^2的低热辐射强度下测量了多层防护服织物的内部温度变化以及穿透防护服之后的热流密度。结果表明：随着热辐射强度的增加,尤其是在热辐射密度超过5kW/m2时,总热阻减小,外层、防水层和隔热层的热阻减少,而舒适层的热阻先增大后减小;低辐射强度下（不超过10kW/m2）,织物对热辐射吸收率的变化对高温低辐射条件下热阻的测量影响可以忽略不计。

Bench scale tests are often used to measure the thermal insulation of protective clothing.The thermal insulation is one of the main parameters controlling the clothing thermal comfort and protective performance.A bench-scale system is developed to measure the heat transfer within a multi-layer fabric using a cone calorimeter.A model is then developed to calculate the thermal insulation in hot environments.This paper presents measurements of the thermal insulation of the multi-layer fabric for low intensity thermal radiation of 1-10kW/m^2.The tests show that the total thermal insulation decreases with increasing heat flux as the local resistances of the outer shell layer,the moisture layer and the thermal barrier layer decrease,while that of the inner layer increases at first and then decreases.The influence of the thermal radiation reflectivity can be neglected for low intensity thermal radiation less than 10kW/m2.