灭蚊幼缓释包防治白纹伊蚊幼虫的研究

Sustained releasing larvicides package in larval control of Aedes albopictus

目的评价倍硫磷缓释包防治白纹伊蚊幼虫的效果。方法应用生物测试法测定药剂敏感性,气相色谱法测定药物释出浓度,模拟现场法评价防治效果。结果广州市各地区的白纹伊蚊幼虫对倍硫磷敏感,抗性倍数均在2以下。在半年内,不换水情况下投放在2 L水中倍硫磷颗粒剂和倍硫磷缓释包平均释出药物分别为5.73和0.242 mg/L,变异系数分别为50.12%和40.33%;每周换1次水情况下投放在2 L水中倍硫磷颗粒剂和倍硫磷缓释包平均释出药物分别为1.965和0.087 3 mg/L,变异系数分别为215.73%和92.21%;两种包裹方式均能致死受试的试虫,但缓释包比颗粒剂释出药物更稳定;倍硫磷缓释包控制野外小型积水容器的白纹伊蚊幼虫可长达1年以上,而颗粒剂只有不到半年的防效。结论倍硫磷缓释包适合广州地区白纹伊蚊的应急控制。

Objective To evaluate the larval control efficacy of the sustained releasing package of fenthion against Aedes albopictus.Methods Insecticide susceptibility and concentration of active agent releasing were evaluated by bioassay and gas chromatography,and the control effect by simulated field trial.Results The populations of Aedes albopictus in Guangzhou were sensitive to fenthion with the resistance rate less than 2.The granular formulation and the sustained releasing package of fenthion in 2 liters of water without refresh for half a year,the average releasing concentration of fenthion were 5.73 mg/L and 0.242 mg/L,and the coefficient of variance were 50.12% and 40.33%,respectively.When water was refreshed every week,the average releasing concentration of fenthion were 5.73 mg/L and 0.242 mg/L,and the coefficient of variance were 215.73% and 92.21% respectively.Two preparations of fenthion were lethal to the larva of Aedes albopictus.The amount of fenthion releasing of the sustained releasing package was more stable than granular formulation.In the field,the effect of sustained releasing package could last more than one year,the granular formulation,however,lasted less than half a year.Conclusion The sustained releasing package of fenthion is applicable to the local emergency control of Aedes albopictus.